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Situation approach This theory advocates that leadership is strongly affected by the situation from the leader emerges and in which he works. it is based on the assumption that there exists as intera
The Managerial Grid The concept of managerial grid was created by R.R. Blake and Jane S. Mouton of USA. They emphasized that leadership style consists of facts on both task oriented and relation orie
The findings of the Ohio State studies can be summarized as follows: i) Consideration was positively related to low absenteeism and grievance, but it was negatively or neutrally related to
Ohio State University Studies These will publicized studies were avior that defines and organizes the group tasks, assigns the tasks to employees and supervises their activities. Consideration refer
Evaluation of the Trait Theory The trait approach to leadership has been severely criticized by many. Some of the limitations of the theory are the following: i. The list of personality traits of su
Behavioral theory of the leadership The initiating structure, which refers to leader Employee centered : in the employee central oriented , the leader developing the open relation with the empl
Meaning and definition Coordination as a function of the management refers to the tasks of integrating the activity of separates units of an organization to accomplish the goals efficiency. it permea
Nature of coordination 1) It is a managerial activity 2) It is an orderly agreement of the group up efforts 30 its purpose is to secure unity of the action on towards common objective 4) It is
Types of coordination Co-ordination is classified into one of the four types 1) Internal coordination: coordination among the employee of the same department or section among the worker and manager
Objective of the co-ordination 1) Harmony of the goals: the goals of the individual may be different from those of the organization . The conflict of goals arise because everybody perceives the
Importance of co-ordination 1) unity of the commands : in an enterprises can be successful in achieve in the goals only if the employee of the enterprises is cooperate is possible only when there is
Principle of coordination 1) principle of the direct contacts : there must be direct contact between the top management and the subordinate . They must be provided opportunity to exchange their opini
Relationship between coordination and the cooperation Coordination is an ordinary agreement of the group's efforts to provide the unity of the action in the pursuit of the common objective cooperat
Coordination vs cooperation Basis Coordination Cooperation Definition Coordination is a deliberate efforts by a manager Cooperation is voluntary attitude of o
Coordination through the management process Coordination helps maximize the achievement of a group by means of achievement of a group by means of obtaining a balance among the smooth blending of the
Steps for achieving effective coordination 1) Delegation of the authority and imposition of accountability through the all levels of management in a clear balance
Techniques of coordination Coordination involve blending together all efforts activity of and forces of the commonness of purpose for this in addition tom its principle co ordination requires certain
Difficulty of coordination Large business enterprises consist of a number of a department such a production, sales purchase . Finance these department find it hard to collaborate with each other due
Q. Prescribed the objective of the co-ordination in the short manner Economy and efficiency: co ordination aims at be gaining about the economy and efficiency in the organization. Coordination i
Traits Approach It is a traditional approach to the theory of leadership. According to this theory, it is though that a leader has specific trait of mind and intelligence. These special qualities of
Entrepreneurship Leadership Style An entrepreneur is a person who coverts an innovative idea into business. The word entrepreneur is generally associated with small-scale industry. What is an entrepr
Likert's Four Styles Developing on the notion that leadership style consists of two extreme positions-autocratic and democratic-Likert develops four styles of leadership to capture the management cul
Style based on the task versus people emphasis Another Standard way of the classify leadership style is based on the relative concern the leader places on the task to be performed vis-à-vis th
Free rein or laissez faire leader Free rein or laissez faire leader does not lead but leaves the groups entirely to itself. He is represented by the chairman of the board who does not manage but leav
Participative Leader A Participative leader is one who gives instruction only after consulting the group. He sees to it that policies are worked out the in a group discussion and with the acceptance