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  Receptor Organs

Receptor Organs

The survival of animals based on their capability to evaluate all the information flowing from the atmosphere and integrates them into meaningful instructions to the effector organs. Information associating to the external and internal atmosphere can be gained only via the sensory receptor organs. Such organs have specialized cells which can convert the stimuli falling on them, whether it is radiant, chemical, electrical or mechanical, into electrical signals and convey the identical to the central nervous system. In CNS the integration and coordination of the data occurs. This capability of the sensory cells is termed as transduction and the receptors are at times termed to as transducers.

On the basis of their place:

  • External receptors or exteroceptors: located on the exterior surface of the body.
  • Internal receptors or inferoceptors: located in the digestive system.
  • Proprio-receptors: located interiorly though other than digestive system.


On the basis of their function:

  • Proprioceptors: existed in the muscles, tendons and joints.
  • Noiceptors: Pain sensory receptors existed in deep place
  • Teleceptors: Vision and stato-acoustic organs.


On the basis of nature stimuli:

  • Chemo-receptors: Olfactory, gustatory, general chemo¬receptors.
  • Radio-receptors: Photo-receptors, noiceptors, thermo¬receptors.
  • Mechano-receptors: Presso-receptors or bare-receptors.


Extero-receptors: Extero-receptors are of following kinds:

(1) Cutaneous receptors: Free nerve endings in dermis-sensory to touch or tango-receptors or algesi-receptors. Tactile organs are too present. Such are corpuscles for cold-forgido-receptors, for heat-calo-receptors, for touch-pacinian corpuscles.

(2) Chemo-receptors: Sensible to solutions only.

Such are-

  • Organ of taste or gustato¬receptors: Taste buds on tongue and in the roof of buccal cavity.
  • Organ of smell or olfacto-receptors: Ethmoturbinals, maxillo¬turbinals and naso-turbinals bones are existed in the nasal passage. Such bones are covered by the olfactory or schneidarian epithelium.

 

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