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airport pavementairport pavements can bea flexible andb rigid cement concretesince cement
site selectionthe following consideration govern the choice of site for an airport a the area served must be able to
planning a new airportelements of airport planningthe elements of planning for a new airport are a demand
military and civil aircraftmilitary aircraft can be of several types such as a cargo carriers with capacity to carry heavy loads such as trucks and
basic definitions - air transportationa civil engineer dealing with airport engineering shall have to know the precise meaning of some terms these
air transportationair transportation has grown rapidly all over the world and in india too its main advantages are speed good safety record military
keywords related to railway linerailway station a facility along a railway line where trains stop and passengers are serviced and cargo is
track renewalneed for track renewalnormal maintenance is able to keep up the track standards only to a limited extent the track gets overaged or the
organisation set-upthe civil engineering department of the railways is responsible for the maintenance of railway lines the maintenance organisation
maintenance operationsthe maintenance operations cover various activities such asa making good rain cuts in embankmentb clearing the side ditches of
maintenance of railway lineimportance of maintenancethe need for maintenance of railway lines arises out of the following considerations a the track
tunnelstunnels become unavoidable for negotiating hills where detours are costly the tunnels in rock are not lined but those in loose strata require
construction of railway lineearthworkearthwork in embankment is made up of soil from nearby borrowpits the soil is deposited in layers of 25 cm and
cross drainage worksculvertsa large number of culverts are needed for taking care of the streams crossing the railway lines the culverts can be one
ancillary railway structuresoverhead transmission lineswhen the line is electrified the electric loco has to pick up the electric current from a
planning of railway stations and facilities providedthe planning of railway stations should cover the following aspectsa
railway stationtypes of stationsthere are the following types of stationsa terminal stations howrah station in kolkata and mumbai central being good
railway operationterminal facilities are an important feature of railway operation these include stations where trains stop and passengers are
keywordsdegree of curve the angle subtended at the centre by a chord of 100 ft 305 m
a cantilever beam is loaded with a concentrated force of 5kn at the free end the length of the cantilever beam is 1m having cross section of
points and crossingsfunctionrailway technology is based on an exclusive track for movement for diverting trains from one track to another some
creepcreep of rails is the forward movement of rails in the direction of dominant traffic over a period of time creep is undesirable because it
sleepersthe sleeper is the part of the track on which the rails rest its functions are a to hold the rails to the correct gaugeb to transmit and
formation embankmentthe formation is the earthen embankment on which the other components of the track rest for supporting the heavy loads the earth
alignment of a railway lineselection of alignmentthe following points must be considered in selecting the alignment of a railway line a it should be