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airport lightinglighting of approach to runwaya good system of identification of the runway when landing is to provide six transverse cross-bars of
maintenance of terminal buildingall accessories such as lighting water sanitation telephone and public address system should be maintained in a good
construction of passenger terminal buildingthere are various concepts in planning and constructing passenger terminal buildings these are
airport managementairlinesa adequate space for each airline for ticketting check-in and baggage handling
passenger terminal buildingimportancein a civil airport the passenger terminal building is the centre of all activities it services both inbound and
landing systemsthere are two basic types of landing viz a visual landing when the weather conditions are favourable andb instrumented landing when
air traffic controlimportance of air traffic controlair traffic control is a system by which routes for flying aircraft are defined flight rules are
operation and maintenance of airport facilitiesthe operation and maintenance of airport facilities is very important for ensuring safety convenience
keywords related to air transportationairfieldairport the area which contains the
improvement of existing airportthe improvements that are usually needed for existing airports fall under the following categories
airport pavementairport pavements can bea flexible andb rigid cement concretesince cement
site selectionthe following consideration govern the choice of site for an airport a the area served must be able to
planning a new airportelements of airport planningthe elements of planning for a new airport are a demand
military and civil aircraftmilitary aircraft can be of several types such as a cargo carriers with capacity to carry heavy loads such as trucks and
basic definitions - air transportationa civil engineer dealing with airport engineering shall have to know the precise meaning of some terms these
air transportationair transportation has grown rapidly all over the world and in india too its main advantages are speed good safety record military
keywords related to railway linerailway station a facility along a railway line where trains stop and passengers are serviced and cargo is
track renewalneed for track renewalnormal maintenance is able to keep up the track standards only to a limited extent the track gets overaged or the
organisation set-upthe civil engineering department of the railways is responsible for the maintenance of railway lines the maintenance organisation
maintenance operationsthe maintenance operations cover various activities such asa making good rain cuts in embankmentb clearing the side ditches of
maintenance of railway lineimportance of maintenancethe need for maintenance of railway lines arises out of the following considerations a the track
tunnelstunnels become unavoidable for negotiating hills where detours are costly the tunnels in rock are not lined but those in loose strata require
construction of railway lineearthworkearthwork in embankment is made up of soil from nearby borrowpits the soil is deposited in layers of 25 cm and
cross drainage worksculvertsa large number of culverts are needed for taking care of the streams crossing the railway lines the culverts can be one
ancillary railway structuresoverhead transmission lineswhen the line is electrified the electric loco has to pick up the electric current from a