Vitamins

Vitamins:

Vitamins are complicated organic compounds, whose existence in trace quantity in the food is necessary for growth and other physiological activities. Vitamins do not contain any energy value. Although they are necessary for controlling energy yielding procedures. The identified vitamins are categorized as A, B, C, D, E and K. Of these, vitamin B and C are water soluble in nature. Fruits and vegetables having these vitamins if washed in water as cut pieces would lose them easily. Vitamin A, D, E and K, when consumed beyond requisite level might cause defects, generally termed to as vitaminosis.

Out of the different vitamins, vitamin D or calciferol on exposure to sunlight can be synthesized by our body via the lipid compound termed as ergosterol, found beneath our skin. Therefore it is termed as ‘sunshine vitamin’.

The most significant functions of vitamins comprise.

1) Physiological processes:

Vitamin A plays a very significant role in visual awareness. Vitamin E might make sure fertility in animals. The clotting of blood is supported by vitamin K. Vitamin C gives immunity against infections and it might also hold processes of growth.

2) Maintenance of body tissues:

The epithelial tissues of the body are sustained by vitamin A and B2. The growth of bones is making sure by vitamin D. Vitamin E plays a position in the transformation of tissues. Nourishment to nerve cells is given by vitamin B1. The procedure of maturation of erythrocytes is due to vitamin B12.

3) Metabolic processes:

The process of phosphorus and calcium metabolism occurs due to the presence of vitamin D. Vitamin E stays an antioxidant. Vitamin B1 remains as a co-enzyme in tissue metabolism and it is found helpful in the procedure of oxidation of glucose in CNS. Vitamin B2 is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism. Niacin (vitamin B) plays a position as a co-enzyme and is necessary for oxidation-reduction reactions. Normal metabolism of amino acids and fat are due to the vitamin B6. Biotin (vitamin B) serves as a co-enzyme and co-factor in oxidative metabolism. The Vitamin C activates certain intra-cellular enzymes.

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