Antigens

Antigens:

The words immunogen and antigen are frequently used synonymously. Though, these words imply two closely associated entities. The first explains a molecule which provokes an immune response (i.e., immunogenicity) and therefore is termed as an immunogen. The other explains a molecule that reacts with the antibody produced, or with the activated cellular constituents of cell mediated immunity (i.e., antigenicity), and is termed to as an antigen.

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                                                     Figure: Antigen-Antibody binding


In contrary to this is the hapten. Haptens are small well stated chemical groups like dinitrophenol (DNP) that are not immunogenic on their own though will react with preformed antibodies. To build a hapten immunogenic, it should be linked to a carrier molecule that is itself immunogenic.

Antigens are identified not only by antibodies, though also by antigen specific T cell receptors. In contrast to immune globulins, which generally identify intact antigens, T cell surface receptors identify processed antigens on the surface of antigen representing cells.

 

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