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  Microbial culture

Microbial culture:

Micro-organisms isolated from sources (i.e., soil, water & air) or genetic manipulation is cultured on growth media. The growth media are supplemented with sources of nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, amino acids in organic salts and trace elements and so on, are sterilized and inoculated with particular microorganisms for particular products. Some of the microbial cultures are batch culture, solid culture, continuous culture and fed-batch culture.

a) Solid culture: 

Varying quantity of agar with nutrient media provides solid or semi solid phase. For the research purpose, these kinds of media are employed though they are usually avoided for microbial products.

b) Batch culture: 

In batch culture, growth phase of micro-organisms passes via many phases. A microbe grows in the medium till the nutrients are exhausted or toxic metabolites secreted by it reach to the inhibitory level. From the starting of inoculation to the end, microbial culture passes via numerous stages. After inoculation, the microbe takes some time to acclimatize the new atmosphere. Therefore the time taken for adaptation before to come to its active growth termed as lag phase. The microorganisms develop luxuriantly until the nutrients are existed.

c) Continuous culture:  

A continuous culture is that where a gradual exponential phase for growth of culture retards due to reduction of nutrients, instead of by accumulation of toxic products; it is prevented by adding up of fresh medium to the fermenter and elimination of spent medium and microbes from it as an outcome of which the exponential phase of culture is expanded.

d) Fed-batch culture:

Fundamentally it is the batch culture that is fed constantly with fresh medium without elimination of the original culture medium from the fermenter. It outcomes continuous raise in volume of the medium in fermenter.

 

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