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  Inhibitors of electron transport chain

Inhibitors of electron transport chain:

The make use of inhibitors gives much more information about the electron transport chain. They are categorized as

1) Inhibitors of respiratory chain, 
2) Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation, and
3) Uncouplers of phosphorylation.

Inhibitors which arrest respiration are barbiturates such as amobarbital, antibiotic such as piericidin A, antimycin A and fish poison retinone. The carbon monoxide and cyanide inhibit cytochrome oxidase that is why it cannot transport electrons to oxygen. This blocks the further passage of electrons by the chain, halting ATP production and life.

Oxidative phosphorylation’s Inhibitors are atrctyloside and oligomycin.

In the membrane and function uncouplers dissolve like carriers for H+ or it   can be an ionophores. Uncouplers block oxidative phosphorylation through dissipating the H+ electro chemical gradient through an uncoupling the necessary linkage among the electron transport and ATP synthesis. Uncouplers are 2,dinitrocresol, 4-dinitro phenol, pentacholorophenol.

Ionophores or ion carriers are lipid soluble substance able of carrying partcualr ions by the membrane. They little differ in their action from the uncouplers because they also transport cation other than H+ by the membrane. Valiomycin creates a lipid complex by which the K+ ion readily pass through. The ionophore gramicidin induces penetration to H+, K+ or Na+ and uncouples the oxidative phosphorylation.

 

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