Clostridium Tetani

Clostridium Tetani:

Anaerobic bacteria are found throughout the human body, on mucosal surfaces, on the skin, and in high concentrations in the mouth, and gastrointestinal tracts as portion of normal flora. They do not develop in the presence of oxygen and are killed by oxygen. Infections are generated whenever anaerobes of the normal flora contaminate usually sterile sites of the body. Several significant diseases are caused by anaerobic clostridium species from the atmosphere or from the normal flora. They are tetanus, botulism, gas gangrene, food poisoning and pseudomembranous colitis. Clostridium tetani organisms are straight, slender Gram positive bacilli with round ends. The fully developed spore provides the bacilli drumstick look.

The tetanus bacillus is an obligate anaerobe that is motile with many peritrichous flagella. It grows fine in cooked meat broth and generates a thin film whenever grown on enriched blood agar. The spores might be highly resistant to adverse situation such as boiling water, dry heat at 160ºC and 5 percent phenol. 1 percent iodine in water kills the spores in some hours.

Tetanus bacilli might be found in the human intestine; however people get the infection from animal faeces and soil. The organism is existed in the manured soil. Tetanus spores take place very broadly and are present in gardens, sports fields and roads, in dust, plaster and in air of hospitals and houses, on clothing and on articles of general use. For this reason a wound via skin contaminated with soil or manure justifies a special attention.

 

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