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  Carrier

Carrier:

A molecule that whenever conjugated to a non immunogenic molecule forms the latter immunogenic by giving epitopes (i.e., for helper T cells) that the hapten lacks phagocytic or non-phagocytic cells that possess class I or class II MHC molecules on their surfaces.

Table: Antigen presenting cells

416_table antigen presenting cells.jpg


Macrophages that are phagocytic cells which possess class II MHC molecules are the classical antigen presenting cells. Based on their position they have distinct names. (Table: shown above). Interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhan’s cells, and follicular dendritic cells are some of the non-phagocytic cells which act as antigen presenting cells.

Development of APC:

Precursor for APC is the stem cells from bone marrow. Precursor gives mount to monocyte in blood. Monocytes in tissues form macrophages. Stem cells too give rise to dendritic cells found in tissue. Dendritic cells build up into Langerhan cells in the tissues. Langerhan cells pick up antigen, and move from the tissue to lymph nodes. From the pool of re-circulating T cells, they choose and stimulate particular T cells.

 

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Figure: Development of antigen presenting cells

 

 

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