Exogenous antigen processing:
I) Class II MHC molecules are gathered from α and β chains in the endoplasmic reticulum (i.e., ER) in relation with invariant chain. The invariant chain ensures right folding of the nascent class II molecules and inhibits premature binding of peptides in the ER. The ER before class II reaches the endocyte compartment having antigen. Its combination with class II permits transport to the Golgi and aids transport via Golgi.
II) Exogenous antigen (i.e., any infectious agent) is phagocytosed with prior endosome formation and then degradation of antigen takes place. Late endosomal vesicle is made.
III) Late endosome fuses with class II MHC containing an invariant chain. It has partly degraded proteins from exogenous source and after the fusion; degradation of invariant chain takes place. The peptide is now found in the grove of MHC II. Now the complexes are transported to the membrane for representation to the T cells.
Figure: Overall view of exogenous antigen presentation
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