Development of Winding - AC Machine
AC Single Phase Windings
AC Lap Winding:
Build up a single phase, single layer AC lap winding for a 4 pole AC machine comprising 24 slots.
Solution: the number of coil is equivalent to half the number of slots on the stator, in single layer winding, thus that each slot consists of only one coil side.
Hence, number of coils, C = 12
Through equation 5, the pole pitch
= Number of slots/ Number of Poles
= 24/4= 6; and slots per pole per phase,
m = 24/4x1 = 6
Slots no. From 1 to 6 and 13 to 18 lie within North Pole regions N1 and N2 correspondingly. Similarly slots from 7 to 12 and from 19 to 24 lie within South Pole regions S1 and S2 correspondingly. Other words, the first pole pair covers slots 1 to 12 and the second pole pair covers slots 13 to 24.
For full pitch winding, angle among the two sides of similar coil is 1800 ed. 1800 ed corresponds to 6 slots.
Number of coils or slots per pole= 6.
The coil in slot 1 is to be connected to coil in slot 7 (1 + slots per pole = 1 + 6 =7 ) or back pitch, Yb = 7, that is, if slot no. 1 is at the starting of the first North Pole, N1, the slot 7 will be at the starting of the first South Pole, S1.
The winding pitch, Y = +2 (progressive winding)
Hence, the front pitch, Yf = Yb - Y = 5.
Table provides the complete winding table for 4 poles, 24 slot ac machines.
While the winding for one pole pair is completed after that the last coil side of this pair is connected to the first coil side of the next pole pair, that is, coil in slot 12 is connected in series along with the coil in slot 13. Likewise, the winding for the 2nd pole pair is completed.
Table: Single Phase AC Lap Winding Table
S.No.
-Yf
+ Yb
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
To illustrate the major winding diagram, solid lines of equivalent length and equal distance equivalent to number of slots is drawn. Connect the coils according to the above Winding Table.
Arbitrarily suppose a specific current direction to the coil sides within the pole pairs. For the coil sides within North Pole regions, presume downward current direction and conversely for the South Pole regions, as displayed in the below diagram.
Diagram - Single Phase AC Lap Main Winding Diagram
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