Problem:
How can I make notes with bullet points in this paragraph?
Clear individual differences exist in children's emotional expressiveness beginning in early infancy. Some babies smile more readily and laugh more heartily; others react more fearfully to novel people and events or are more easily angered (LaFreniere, 2010). These differences in emotional reactions are related to the differences in temperament that we discussed in Chapter 3, "Biological Foundations." They are reflected in one of Thomas and Chess's (1986) temperament dimensions-mood- and all three of Rothbart's (2011) temperament dimensions-negative affectivity (which includes fear and sadness), effortful control (which includes pleasure from low-intensity activities), and extraversion-surgency (which includes pleasure from high-intensity experiences). They are also related to the behaviorally inhibited temperament that characterizes children who are shy, fearful, anxious, and upset by mildly stressful situations (Kagan & Snidman, 2004). These associations with temperament suggest that biological factors play a central role in how intensely children react to emotionally arousing situations and how well they regulate their reactions. Individual differences in positive and negative emotionality are also related to children's overall adjustment. Children whose emotions are more negative experience a higher rate of developmental problems; children who are emotionally more positive have higher self-esteem. Need Assignment Help?