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  Association of Kp and Kc

Association of Kp and Kc:

Generally, depending on the sign of Δng,  Kp & Kc are associated in three ways.

Case (i):

If Δng = 0, the total number of moles of gaseous products are equivalent to the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.

For illustration, in the formation equilibrium of HI,

H2(g) + I2(g) ↔ 2HI(g)
Δng = 2 - (1+1) = 2 - 2 = 0
∴ Kp = Kc (RT) O
Kp = Kc

Case (ii):

If Δng = +ve, the total number of moles of gaseous products are bigger than the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.

For illustration,

2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g) ↔ 4HCl(g) + O2(g)
Δng = (4+1) – (2+2)
= 5 – 4 = 1
∴ Kp = Kc (RT)1
Kp = Kc RT
and Kp > Kc

Case (iii):

If Δng = –ve, the total number of moles of gaseous products are lower than the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.

For illustration, consider the formation of equilibrium of ammonia,

3H2(g) + N2(g)  ↔ 2NH3(g)
Δng = 2 – (3+1)
= 2 – 4 = –2
∴ Kp = Kc (RT)-2
Kp = Kc/ (RT)2
and Kp < Kc

 

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