Phylum Platyhelminthes

Phylum Platyhelminthes (Trematodes and Cestodes):

The platyhelminths or flatworms are bilaterally proportioned, dorsoventrally flattened worms with a specific head end and lacking a body cavity. They comprise a variety of free-living turbellarians that take place in aquatic and terrestrial situation (i.e., a small number are parasitic), and a number of completely parasitic groups. Such include 3 groups: the Monogenea (mostly ectoparasites of fishes); the Cestoidea (i.e., tapeworms; endoparasites); and Trematoda (i.e., endoparasitic flukes; generally digeneans). Only the later 2 groups infect humans.

Trematodes (i.e., flukes) (Phylum- Platyhelminthes, group: Trematoda) are non segmented, flat worms, generally leaf-like, with one or more suckers by which they join to their host tissues (i.e., the oral suckers surrounding the mouth). They differ in size from a few millimeters to large fleshy species like Fasciola. Their bodies are enclosed by a cuticle without epidermis or external cilia. The digestive tract includes of a mouth, pharynx and generally a bifurcated intestine. With the exception of family Schistosomatidae, they are monecious (i.e., both sexes are in the similar individual) and generate operculated eggs.

 

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