Network Architecture

Network Architecture:

It is a blueprint of the complete computer communication network, that provides a framework and technology foundation for building, designing and managing a communication network. Typically it has a layered structure. Layering is modern network design principle that divides the communication tasks into various smaller parts, each part accomplishing a specific sub-task and interacting with the other parts in a small number of well-defined ways. Layering let the parts of a communication to be designed and tested without a combinatorial explosion of cases, keeping each of design is relatively simple.

If a network architecture diagram is open, no single vendor owns the controls and technology its definition and development. Anyone is free to design software & hardware based on the network architecture. The TCP/IP network architecture, on which the Internet is based on, is such open network architecture and it is adopted as a worldwide network standard and extensively deployed in wide area network (WAN), local area network (LAN), small & large enterprises, and last but not the least, the Internet.

What is Network Architecture for?

The design specialization and network architecture will help you gain the technical leadership skills you require to design and implement high-quality networks that support business requirements. You will study how to design, maintain, and troubleshoot intranet, Internet and extract connections, by including local- and wide-area networks. This specialization will also develop your knowledge of developing security and disaster recovery plans. Upon finishing of this online degree, you will be well positioned to suppose a senior management or team leader role in network management

What is a network topology?

In communication networks, usually a topology is a schematic description of the arrangement of a network, by including its connecting lines and nodes. There are two method of describing network geometry: the logical (or signal) topology and the physical topology.

The physical topology of a network is the actual geometric layout of workstations. There are various common physical topologies, as defined below and as shown in the illustration.

In the bus network topology, every workstation is linked to a main cable called the bus. Therefore, in effect, each of the workstation is connected directly to every other workstation in the network.

In the star network topology, there is a central server or computer to which all the workstations are connected directly. Every workstation is connected indirectly to every other through the central computer.

In the ring network topology, the workstations are linked in a closed loop configuration. Adjacent pairs of workstations are connected directly. Other pairs of workstations are connected indirectly, the data passing through one or more intermediate nodes.

If a Token Ring protocol is utilized in a star or ring topology, the signal travels in only one direction, carried by a so-called token from node to node.

The mesh network topology employs two schemes, called full mesh and partial mesh. In the full mesh topology, each of the workstation is linked directly to each others. In the partial mesh topology, some of the workstations are associated to all the others, and some are associated only to those other nodes with which they exchange mostly data.

The tree network topology uses two or more star networks associated together. The central computers of the star networks are associated to a main bus. Therefore, a tree network is a bus network of star networks.

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