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  Properties of chromium

Properties of  chromium:

Physical Properties:

1. The metal is crystalline and silvery white.
2. It is very tough and brittle
3. It melts at 2113K.

Chemical Properties:

A. Action of air:

It is not affected by air at normal temperatures.

Whenever heated to very high temperature at around 2000°C it is oxidised to chromic oxide.

4Cr + 3O2 → 2Cr2O3

B. Action of Water:

There is no action at ordinary temperatures. Though it decomposes steam at red heat to provide chromic oxide and hydrogen.

2Cr + 3H2O → Cr2O3 + 3H2

C. Action of Acids:

It dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid to release hydrogen and forms chromous salts.

Cr + 2HCl → CrCl2+ H2↑
Cr + H2SO4 → CrSO4+ H2↑

D. With hot concentrated sulphuric acid it provides chromic sulphate and releases sulphur dioxide.

2Cr + 6H2SO4 → Cr2 (SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O

E. Dilute nitric acid does not attack on pure metal while concentrated acid leaves it inactive or passive that is, it does not exhibit its usual reactions.

F. Action with Halogens:

Chromium joins directly with fluorine and dry chlorine to provide chromium (III) halides.

2Cr + 3F2 → 2CrF3
2Cr + 3Cl2 → 2CrCl3

 

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