Occurrence and principles of extraction of gold

Occurrence and principles of extraction of gold:

Atomic mass: 196.97                    Valency: 1 and 3
Atomic number: 79                       Symbol: Au

Location in the periodic table: Period Number -6, Group Number -11.

Occurrence:

Gold is mostly found in the native state either mixes with quartz in ancient rocks (i.e., vein gold) or scattered in sand and gravel (i.e., placer gold) or in the alluvial sand (i.e., alluvial gold).

Ores:

The significant ore of gold is Alluvial sand or gravel.

Almost half of the total world manufacture of gold comes from the mines in South Africa.

Uses:

1) It is utilized in jewellery, coinage, and ornamental vessels.

2) Gold leaf is utilized for decorations, lettering and in the medicine as tonic.

3) “Purple of cassius” that is a combination of gold with colloidal stannic hydroxide is utilized for creating ruby red glass and high class pottery.

Fineness of gold:

Gold content of an alloy of gold is referred to its fineness and is usually stated in carats. Pure gold is 24 carats. Ornaments available nowadays are made up of 18 carat gold that is an alloy having18 parts by weight of gold alloyed with 6 parts by weight of the other metal usually copper.

 

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