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  Troubles with Centrifugal Pumps

Introduction to Troubles Shooting of Centrifugal Pump

Troubles with Centrifugal Pumps and remedies

Keeping the case histories and statistical records of all installations will be extremely much helpful in trouble shooting. When, investigating troubles carry on from the most possible reason to the least possible.

(a) Failure to start:

Gland packing might be too tight. Test whether spindle is freely rotating. Motor is not acquiring electric supply. Test voltage at the motor terminals and the mains. Connections might not be tight (if starters employed check relevant connections such as star delta starters). Test for loose connections.

(b) Failure to deliver water: 

Test if pump is appropriately primed and delivery valve/s is open. Test suction valve if given. Test if water level in the well is higher than the foot valve. Test speed, it might be too low. Foot valve or suction line might be leaking. Foot valve strainer or impeller may contain become clogged up. If installation is fresh, the pump installed might not be the correct one. Note: suction and delivery gauge readings and test against the characteristic curves and installation data of Maker.

If the pump is erected later than the overhaul one of the pipe joints may have been not properly connected or incorrectly connected.

(c) Rate of pumping is low:

Test all points in item (b) above. The valves have to be fully open. Foot valve and impellers might have become clogged and neck rings poorly worn out possibly because of working for a long time. Pump to be overhauled. Test for leaks on the delivery line.

(d) Pump stops delivering after running for a moment:

Leaks in the suction side particularly joints. Test if adequate water is in the well. Test motor control circuits and protection circuits.

(e) Pump vibrates badly:

Test alignment, bed bolts not tightened appropriately, impellers not correctly balanced. Test for worn out bearings or bent shaft. Bearings might comprise excessive clearances; shaft couplings are not correctly assembled. Impeller may have been choked.

(f) Pump is noisy in operation:

Test all points in item (e) above. The impeller might be touching the casing. Air-bubbles may be passing via the pump. Cavitations effect because of bad design.

(g) Pump motor getting overloaded and becoming hot:

Voltage at the motor terminals might be very much low. Pump delivering water at decreased delivery head. Single phasing in case of three-phase motor. Test voltages on all three phases. In case of 3-phase motor, employed after overhauling, coil connections might not have been correct. Not correct size of impeller. Extremely tight stuffing box, seized spindle or not sufficient seepage.

(h) Excessive corrosion:

This may be because of existence of certain chemicals in the water. Stainless steel might be employed for specific parts of the pump.

(i) Excessive scoring of impeller parts. :

Because of passage of sand or gritty matter and Because of cavitations efforts, particularly if at the tips.

(j) Cracked pipe flanges:

Because of excessive strain on the flanges caused through improper method of supporting the pipes, not proper alignment of joint surfaces, and makes use of excessive force to bring the flange holes to align while bolting. Because of water - hammer action. Because of excessive vibration.

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