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  Mullikens Scale

Mulliken’s Scale:

In the year 1934, Mulliken recommended an alternative approach to electronegativity based on ionization energy and electron affinity of an atom. According to this technique electronegativity could be considered as the average of the ionization energy and electron affinity of an atom,

Electronegativity = (I.E. + E.A)/2

Mulliken employed ionisation energy and electron affinity values measured in electron volts and values were found to be 2.8 times greater than Pauling values.

The values of ionisation and electron affinity are measured in kJ mol-1 and 1eV =96.48 kJ mol-1.

So the generally accepted Pauling values are more nearly acquired by,

Electronegativity = (I.E. + E.A)/ (2 x 2.8 x 96.48)
                        = (I.E. + E.A)/540

This technique has an ordinary theoretical basis and also has benefit that distinct values can be acquired for different oxidation states of the similar element.

2261_mullikens scale.JPG


Disadvantage:

However Mulliken’s scale is less empirical than Pauling Scale, still it suffers from a serious drawback which electron affinities with the exception of a few elements are not reliably recognized.

 

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