Economic Importance of Plants

Introduction to Economic Importance

1. Fiber plants

  • Gossypium barbadense (Egyptian cotton),
  • G. hirsutum (American cotton),
  • G. herbaceum (Cotton) and

Various other species of Gossypium yield cotton fibres of commercial value.  The fibres are acquired from the surface of seeds. Hibiscus cannabinus (Deccan hemp) yields bast fibres which are employed for making ropes.

2. Food plants

The tender fruit of Abelmoschus esculentus (lady's finger) is employed like vegetable.     The leaves and sepals of Hibiscus sabdariffa (A type of 'pulichai') are employed for making pickles, jam and jelly. A delicious 'chutney' is ready from the leaves and sepals of H. cannabinus (Pulichai keerai) and H. sabdariffa.

3. Timber  Plants

Timber acquired from Thespesia populnea (portia tree) is helpful for making boat, furniture and agricultural implements.

4. Medicinal plants

Root and leaves of Abutilon indicum (Thuthi) and Malva sylvestris are employed in opposition to fever.  Roots of Malva sylvestris and Althaea rosea are employed for treating whooping cough and dysentery respectively.

5. Ornamental plants

Althaea rosea (Hollyhock), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Shoe flower) H. schizopetalus (A type of shoe flower with dissected petals) are developed in gardens.

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