Enzyme Inhibitor-Concepts

Enzyme Inhibitor-Concepts:

The rates of enzyme catalysed reactions are reduced via particular inhibitors. Inhibitors are compounds which combine along with enzymes and avoid enzyme and substrate from forming ES complex. The toxicity of several compounds like hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulphide results from their action like enzyme inhibitors. Several drugs as well act to inhibit particular enzymes.  So, knowledge of enzyme inhibitors is very important to understand drug action and toxic agents.

Compounds that convert the enzymes into inactive substances and after that adversely influence the rate of enzyme catalysed reactions are termed as enzyme inhibitors. Such type of a process is termed as enzyme inhibition. Two extensive classes of enzyme inhibitors are usually recognized. They are irreversible and reversible inhibitors. This relies upon whether the inhibition can be reversed or not reversed.

Reversible Enzyme Inhibition:

A reversible enzyme inhibitor dissociates extermely fast from its target enzyme since it becomes very bound loosely along with the enzyme. 3 general categories of reversible inhibition is observed. That is:

1. Competitive,
2. Non- competitive and
3. Un-competitive,

These categories depending on the following factors.

A. Whether the inhibition is over come or not through increasing the concentration of the substrate.
B. Whether the inhibitor binds along with the active site or site other as compared to the active site (allosteric site).
C. Whether the inhibitor binds along with the free enzyme just only or with the enzyme substrate complex only or along with either of the two.

 

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