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How can I make notes with bullet points in this paragraph? Cultural influences Researchers have asked whether changes in children's social understanding are universal and occur in all cultures at the same ages (Wellman, 2017). In one study, they interviewed children from the Baka community of huntergatherers in central Africa about people's beliefs and desires (Avis & Harris, 1991). By 5 years of age, most children were able to predict correctly what an adult would find in a container that had been left for a moment and emptied. These results were consistent with studies showing that 5-year-old children in other cultures also succeed on theory-of-mind tasks (Harris, 2006). However, some cultural variations in children's social understanding have been observed. One variation is that children's use of trait terms to describe other people becomes aligned with the values of their cultural community. Between the ages of 8 and 15 years, U.S. children increasingly use trait terms to describe someone's helpful actions; children in India increasingly use social-context terms (i.e., need for assistance and obligation to help) to describe helpful acts (Miller, 1987). Another difference is that Chinese children are more skeptical than U.S. children about the reliability of other people's self-reports of evaluative traits such as honesty, in part, because Chinese culture discourages disclosure of thoughts and feelings and encourages modesty (Heyman et al., 2007). Need Assignment Help?