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q explain about variable-length of instructionswith the better understanding of computer instruction sets designers developed the idea of having a
allocation of bits among opcode and operandthe trade-off here is between numbers of bits of opcode vs the addressing capabilities an interesting
q basic tradeoff of concerns for instruction set designbasic tradeoff smaller instruction less space vs desire for more powerful instruction
q designing the instruction format is a complex artinstruction length significance its the fundamental issue of the format design it concludes the
q fundamental issues of concerns for instruction set designa number of fundamental issues of concerns for instruction set design arecompleteness for
what is solid modelingsolid modeling is the most powerful of the 3-d modeling technique it provides the user with complete information about the
q how to calculate register indirect addressingthe effective address of operand in this technique is calculated asea r andd ea address capability
hls colour model this model has the double-cone representation shown in figure 340 the three colour parameters in this model are called hue h
q illustrate benefits of register addressing modethe key benefits of register addressing are register access is faster than memory access and
hsv colour modelinstead of a set of colour primaries the hsv model uses colour descriptions that have a more intuitive appeal to a user to give a
determine yiq colour modelwhereas an rgb monitor requires separate signals for the red green and blue components of an image a television monitor
q drawback of indirect addressingbull drawback of this scheme is that it needs two memory references to fetch actual operand first memory reference
q explain salient points about indirect addressinga number of salient points about this scheme are in this addressing scheme effective address ea
rgb modelthe rgb model is based on the assumption that any desired shade of colour can be obtained by mixing the correct amounts of red green and
illustrate trivariate colour modelsconventional colour models based on the tristimulus theory all contain three variables and so are called
properties of colourcolour descriptions and specifications generally include three properties hue saturation and brightness hue associates a colour
comparison of gouraud and phong shadingphong shading requires more calculations but produces better results for specular reflection than gouraud
approximating smooth surfaces with polygon netsnetworks of polygons are used to represent smooth surfaces they are of course only an approximation to
determine the components of illuminationthe light reaching the eye when looking at a surface has clearly come from a source or sources of
simplifying assumptions of wire frame representationneglect colour - consider intensity for now we shall forget about colour and restrict our
illumination of wire framethe colour or shade that a surface appears to the human eye depends primarily on three factors colour and strength of
rendering shading and colouringby introducing hidden line removal we have already taken one step away from wire-frame drawings towards being able to
overlapping or intersectinga polygon overlaps or intersects the current background if any of its sides cuts the edges of the viewport as depicted at
determine the disjoint of division methoda polygon is disjoint from the viewport if the x- and y-extents of the polygon do not overlap the viewport
surrounding of sub division methoda polygon surrounds a viewport if it completely encloses or covers the viewport this happens if none of its sides