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photosynthetically active radiationthis is usually in direct proportion with the incident solar radiation you know that tropic are probably the best
osmotic strength of the fluids in immediate surroundingthe availability of soluble mineral salts varies widely from habitat to habitat in fact a big
physical stress - temperaturewe are most familiar with the plants and other organisms that live at temperatures close to the temperature range in
stress - responses of plants to stresslet us recall what happens within the natural communities occupying the same habitat the relative location of
responses of plants to stressyou know that certain plant species can grow in severe environmental extremes for example plants grow below 0degc in the
biochemical changes associated with senescencewhen senescence begins many physiological and biochemical changes take place for example one of the
regulation of senescencesenescence is a part of a developmental sequence of events and has to be a controlled process you must have seen that if you
progressive senescence - senescencethis is the third category of senescence here also the leaves are shed but it is gradual senescence of leaves up
deciduous senescence - senescenceonly the leaves senesce as in many trees the senescence of leaves or abscission occurs when at the base of a leaf a
overall senescence - senescenceonly the parts above the ground level ie the aerial parts die whereas the underground parts survive for example
senescenceplants begin their development after seed germination they grow flower and finally senesce and die the period from the start to death is
fast response - biological responsessome of the fast responses are discussed belowit was found that when mung bean root tips were kept in a specific
biological responses controlled by phytochromephytochrome responses are those which are controlled reversibly by red and far-red light these can be
phytochrome - development of plantyou know that plants capture light energy during photosynthesis now you are familiarised with another important and
biochemical changesmany workers have tried to follow the biochemical changes that precede flowering and result in meristems which give rise to
chilling and flower inductionsome plants flower only after passing a winter season for example winter wheat is sown in the autumn for harvest in the
day-neutral plants besides sdp and ldp those plants that flower irrespective of the length of light are called day-neutral plants for these there
long-day plants ldp - plant responses to light-dark cyclesthe definition of this is exactly opposite to short-day plant that is those plants which
short-day plants sdp - plant responses to light-dark cyclesthese plants only flower or flower more profusely and rapidly when given less than a
flowering - development of plantone of the major changes that occur during the life cycle of a plant is the transition from vegetative stage to the
dormant vegetative structuresyou have learnt that light a period of chilling or application of gibberellin often breaks seed dormancy and stimulates
metabolic eventslet us now examine the changes that occur in the seeds after they imbibe water in general the most important metabolic events are
seed germination - development of plantthe environmental factors that influence the germination of seeds are water availability optimal light
phases of seed formationthe process of seed formation can be divided into two phases the division phase in which fertilised egg divides mitotically
vegetative development - developmentthe process of growth and differentiation of cells into organs and organisms is often termed development for