Functions of Endocrine glands

Functions of Endocrine glands:

Endocrine glands play a significant role in sustaining the constancy of interior environment (i.e., milieu interior) and hormones integrate and regulate different physiological functions. It regulates the general metabolism namely, the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and water. The endocrine glands also control the reproductive functions of animals. The adrenal hormones organize the body to meet emergency and stressful conditions. The hormones are also responsible for intercellular communication.

Each endocrine gland might secrete surplus quantities of its own hormone. Though, once the normal physiological response is over, such information is fed back to the endocrine gland. As an outcome, its secretion reduces or inhibited. Conversely, when the secretion of the hormone is subnormal and the physiological effects or responses are decreased, the information is taken to the gland and it secretes the hormone at a raised rate. Therefore, homeostatic equilibrium is restored.

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus symbolizes the central portion among the nervous system and endocrine system. Although pituitary is designated as the master gland controlling the functions of other endocrines, the pituitary itself is controlled by hypothalamus. The above control is affected by means of releasing hormones or factors and inhibitory hormones or factors. The hypothalamus is linked to the posterior lobe of pituitary by the neural tissue and to the anterior lobe of pituitary by the epithelial tissue. The releasing factors from hypothalamic cells arrive at anterior pituitary via their axons. The hormones from the pituitary enter into the blood stream.

 

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