Introduction to Variable Name and Scope
Every language provides of variable naming and its scope in its own format and rules and regulations. As such according to Dijkstra the concept of a variable in a programming can be given as:
Once a person has understand the way in which variables are used in programming he has understood the quintessence of programming.
To understand what Dujkstra said we will concentrate on some issue of a variable name definition a variable name its naming constraints way of using and its scope.
(a) Definition of A variable Name : A name is a string of characters used by program statements to denote the variable (or identifier) to provide such naming to the variable a sequence of lexical rules are applied to name an entity in a program. It is called as the variable naming. The variable names must be specific understand able and meaningful so that they can by easily used in the program.
Example 28. In C variable names may be rate red interest etc.
(b) Variable Naming Constraints : As such every programming language has its own specified rules to provide a name to a variable or identifier.
Example 29. In C there are some rules to be followed to construct variable names .
Since the maximum length of a variable name is 8 characters an enormous number of variable names can be constructed using the above mentioned rules. It is a good practice to exploit this enormous choice in a naming variables by using meaningful variable names.
(c) Declaration : A variable name is usually introduced by a special statement called a declaration of a variable name.
Example 30. Fig 6.18, shows the variable names declaration in C.
(d) Variable Scope : The variable scope extends form the declaration of the variable until some later closing point specified by the language. The scope of a variable is the range of program instructions over which the name is known. Program instructions can manipulate a variable through its name within its scope. We also say that a variable is visible under its name with its scope and invisible outside it. Different programming languages adopt different rules for binding a variable name to its scope.
Example 31. Consider the sample C program illustrate in fig 6.19.
The declaration int x ,y. Make variable named x and y visible throughout the program main the program constrains an internal block which groups a declaration and statements . the declaration int temp appearing in the block makes name temp visible within the inner block , and invisible outside. In the example if the inner block declaration a new local variable named x the outer variable named y would no longer be visible in the inner block .
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