Introduction to Languages and Reliability
The reliability goal is promoted by several programming languages qualities. So as such there are five types of such qualities which are show in the fig 6.15, most to these qualities are vases on subjective evaluation, that why they are difficult to be stated in a precise quantitative way. Additionally, they are not independent concepts. Basically they depend on each other and are overlapping. In some other cases they may by even conflicting with each other.
Now, I would like to discuss these qualities one by one
1.Writability : Writ ability refers to the possibility of expressing a program in a way that is natural for the program. The programmer should not be distracted by details and tricks of the language form the important activity of problem solving. Even though writ ability is a subjective criterion, we can agree that higher level languages are more writable than lower level languages like assembly or machine language.
Example 18. An assembly language programming is after forced to consider the addressing mechanisms needed to access certain data such as the positioning of index registers and so no. So the easier it is to concentrate on the problem solving activity the less error prone is program writing .
2 Readability : It should be possible to follow the logic of the program and to discover the presence of errors by examining the program. Readability is also a subjective criterion that depends o great deal on matters of taste and style.
Example 19. : The provision of specific constructs to define new operations, like be routines and new data types which keep the definition of such concepts separate from the rest of the program that may use them and enhances readability greatly.
3.Simplictiy : A simple language is easy to understand can easily become a master language and allows algorithms to be expressed easily in a way that makes the programmer confident in the correctness of the algorithm,. Simplicity can be achieved by minimizing the features of a languages, but then this reduces the power of the language.
Example 20 :Pascal is simpler but less powerful than C++,
4. Sefety : The language should not provide features that make it possible to write harmful program. Such features may cause subtle errors that are difficult to track during program development and may manifest themselves unexpectedly in the delivered software.
Example 21. A language does not provide go to statement pointer variable so eliminate these two well known sources of danger in a program.
5. Robustness :The language supports robustness whenever it provides the ability to deal with undesired. That is such events can be trapped and a suitable response can be programmed to responded to their occurrence. In this way the vbehavior of the system becomes predictable even in anomalous situations.
Example 22. Arithmetic overflows invalid input reduces the robustness. Such unexpected events should be handled for robust software.
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