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  Colloids Homework Help - K-12 Grade Level, College Level Chemistry

Introduction of Colloid

A Colloid is substance microscopically dispersed equally during another substance.

A colloidal system contains two phases: a dispersed phase that can be known as internal phase and a continuous phase or dispersion medium in which the colloid is dispersed. A colloidal system may be one of the three states of matter i.e. the solid, liquid or gas.

The particles of dispersed-phase have a diameter of between just about 1 and 1000 nanometres. This kind of particles are usually invisible in an optical microscope, however the presence of those particles can confirmed with the use of an electron microscope or an ultra microscope. Homogeneous mixtures with the dispersed phase in this size range may be called colloidal emulsions, colloidal dispersions, hydrosols, colloidal foams, or colloidal aerosols. The dispersed-phase particles or droplets are influenced largely by the surface chemistry present in the colloid.

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Due to the Tyndall effect some colloids are translucent, which is scattering of light by particles in the colloid. Other colloids may have a slight color or opaque.

Colloidal solutions also known as colloidal suspensions are the subject of colloid science and interface. This branch of study was get into existence in the year 1861 by Scottish scientist Thomas Graham.

Classification

Colloids can be classified as follows:

Medium / Phases

Dispersed phase

Gas

Liquid

Solid

Continuous medium

Gas

NONE
(All gases are mutually miscible)

Liquid aerosol
Examples: fog, mist,

hair sprays

Solid aerosol
Examples: smoke, cloud,

air particulates

Liquid

Foam
Example: whipped cream,

Shaving cream

Emulsion
Examples: milk, mayonnaise,

hand cream

Sol
Examples: pigmented ink, blood

Solid

Solid foam
Examples: aerogel, styrofoam,

pumice

Gel
Examples: agar, gelatin,

jelly

Solid sol
Example: cranberry glass

 

Hydrocolloids

A hydrocolloid is described like a colloid system in which the colloid particles are hydrophilic polymers dispersed in water. Hydrocolloid has colloid particles that are spread throughout water and depending on the quantity of water available that can take place in various different states, example, sol (liquid) or gel. Hydrocolloids can be either reversible or irreversible (single-state). For instance, agar, a reversible hydrocolloid of seaweed extract, can be exists in a sol and gel state and alternate between states with the addition or elimination of heat.

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