Characteristics of Trematoda

Characteristics of Trematoda:

They are non-segmented flat worms and contain leaf like appearance. They connect to the host with one or two suckers. They possess two classes of suckers, the oral suckers that surround the mouth and ventral suckers. The size of the worms differs from few millimeters to big fleshy species Fasciloides and Fasciola. Their bodies are enclosed with a cuticle without epidermis or external cilia. The digestive system comprises of a mouth, pharynx and bifurcated intestine, with the exception of family Schistosomidae, they are monecious. Both sexes are existed in the similar individuals.

Fasciola hepatica:

Sheep, watercress, cattle, and snails are some of the major elements contributing to the epidemiology of the two closely associated flukes, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. Such parasites inhabit liver and bile ducts. They are the biggest trematodes to infect humans. F. gigantica is a monster fluke, achieving a length of 5 cm and F. hepatica around 3 cm in length.

Geographical distribution:

Humans are simply accidental hosts of Fasciola hepatica and F.gigantica. The F. hepatica is usually a parasite of sheep and F.gigantica is a parasite of farm animals. The infection is more familiar in such domestic animals where they grazed in boggy meadows close to ponds or in which watercress and other aquatic plants grow. Human infections with F. hepatica take place in sheep-raising regions.

 

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