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Italian Renaissance Art:

It was an artistic movement that occurred in the major Italian city-states of Rome, Venice & Florence. The movement was characterized through an interest in nude body of human, a target onto specific representation of objects in space through the employ of linear perspective & a renewed interest in representative pagan besides Biblical themes in art.

Renaissance art is the painting, sculpture  & decorative arts of that period of European history termed as the Renaissance, emerging as a distinct style in Italy in approximate 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, science & music. Renaissance art, supposed such as a "rebirth" of olden traditions, took as its foundation the art of Classical antiquity, & though transformed that tradition by means of application of contemporary particular knowledge and through the absorption of current developments in the art of Northern Europe. Renaissance art, along Renaissance Humanist philosophy, spread out throughout Europe, affecting artists & their patrons both with the development of new artistic sensibilities and new techniques. Renaissance art marks the transition of Europe from the medieval period to the early on modern age.

In several lands of Europe, Early Renaissance art was built in parallel along Late Medieval art. By the year of 1500 the Renaissance style prevailed. As Late Renaissance art (Mannerism) created, it took on different & distinctive characteristics in every region.

Note: In addition to above course, you must read on: Northern Renaissance Art

Renaissance Art and Architecture:

Throughout the Italian Renaissance, art was everywhere. Patrons like Florence’s Medici family sponsored projects small and large, and successful artists became celebrities in their own right.

Renaissance artists & architects applied several humanist principles to their work. For illustration, the architect Filippo Brunelleschi applied the elements of classical Roman architecture columns, shapes and especially proportion to his own buildings. The magnificent eight-sided dome he built up at the Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence was an engineering triumph. it was 144 feet across, weighed 37,000 tons and with no buttresses to hold it up–as well as an aesthetic one.

Brunelleschi also devised a way to paint and draw using linear perspective. That is, he revels out how to paint from the perspective of the person looking at the painting, so that space would appear to recede into the frame. After the architect Leon Battista Alberti described the principles behind linear perspective in his treatise Della Pittura (On Painting), it became one of the most noteworthy rudiments of almost all of the Renaissance painting. Later on, several painters began to use a technique called chiaroscuro to build an illusion of three-dimensional space on a flat canvas.

Note: Moreover, a number of students often look for: Etruscan and Roman Art

Perspective and Geometry:

One of the major characteristics of the Italian Renaissance is the use of one-point perspective in painting to provide the illusion of three-dimensional space. In the foreground, Figures and Objects appear bigger, and consequently closer to the viewer, than those in the background. Renaissance artists also utilized geometry in the composition of their paintings. Frequently figures or groups of figures are laid out in geometrical shapes, typically in the form of a triangle.

Naturalism:

Artists of the Italian Renaissance targeted to represent nature and figures more realistically than medieval artists. They made close studies of nature & the human body, sometimes going as far as to perform autopsies to achieve a better understanding of human & animal anatomy.

Classical Themes:

A main difference among Italian Renaissance art and its predecessor is the alternative of subject matter. While medieval art was completely devoted to religious themes, Italian Renaissance art drew motivation from the classical themes of Roman and Greek mythology and depicted portraits and other secular subjects. Italian Renaissance artists painted the primary nudes since the classical period.

Use of the Contropposto:

It is a standing position, where mostly figure’s weight rests on only one foot. Consequently, the body twists, and shoulder and the hip axes are no longer parallel. This pose provides the figure a dynamic & interesting appearance. One of the major attainments of the Italian Renaissance was the rediscovery of contropposto, which hadn't been utilized since the classical period.

Characteristics of Italian Renaissance Art:

Here are some of the characteristics of renaissance art:

  • Artists illustrates religious & nonreligious scenes
  • Art reflected a great interest in nature
  • Figures were lifelike & three-dimensional, reflecting an enhancing knowledge of anatomy.
  • Bodies look active and were illustrated moving
  • Figures were either clothed or nude
  • Scenes illustrated real people doing daily tasks
  • Faces expressed what people were thinking
  • Colors were illustrated responding to light
  • Paintings were frequently symmetrical
  • Full backgrounds illustrated perspective
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