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  Lead

Lead (Metallurgy):

Ores:

1. Galena PbS
2. Cerrusite PbCO3
3. Anglesite PbSO4
4. Lead ochre PbO

Extraction:

Lead is mostly extracted from the galena ore sulphide. Galena has lead sulphide and small amounts of silver.

1. Concentration:

The ore is concentrated by froth floatation procedure.

2. Smelting in a Reverberatory furnace:

The concentrated ore is roasted in a reverberatory furnace at modest temperature. The temperature of furnace is maintained by regulating the air supply. During roasting, galena is partially oxidized to lead monoxide and partially to lead sulphate.

953_Lead.jpg

                                                                    Figure: A reverberatory furnace

2PbS + 3O2 → 2 PbO + 2SO2
PbS + 2O2 → PbSO4

Therefore in this procedure roasting and smelting are carried out in the similar furnace, at two distinct temperatures. Around 90% of lead is obtained as metal, the rest passes into slag. The Lead is recovered from the slag by heating it with lime and powdered coke.

20_Lead2.jpg

 

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