Change of Electron Affinity along a Period

Change of Electron Affinity along a Period:

On moving across a period, the size of atoms reduces and nuclear charge rises. Both these factors favor a raise in force of attraction applied by the nucleus on the electrons. Accordingly, the atom will acquire a greater tendency to attract the additional electron, that is, its electronic affinity would rise as we move from left to right. Due to this reason electron affinities of non-metals are high while those of metals are low.

Out of all the metals, the E.A. of gold is comparatively high (i.e., 222.7 kJ mol-1). This value might be attributed to the higher efficient nuclear charge and poor shielding of the nucleus by d electrons.

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