Developed Logic Gates

Introduction to Developed Logic Gates:

Logic gates process signals that present true or false. Generally the positive supply voltage +Vs present true and 0V represents false. Other terminologies that are employed for the true and false states are displayed in the table below. It is good to be well-known with them all. Gates are recognized through their function: NOT, AND, NAND, OR, NOR, EX-OR and EX-NOR. Capital letters are generally employed to make it clear that the term consider to a logic gate.

LOGIC STATE:

TRUE

 FALSE

1

High

+VS

ON

0

Low

0v

off

LOGIC GATE SYMBOLS:

Here are two series of symbols for logic gates that are as follow:

  • The traditional symbols comprise unique shapes making them simple to identify so they are extensively used in industry and education.

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  • The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) symbols are rectangles with a symbol inside to depict the gate function. They are seldom employed despite their official status, but you may require knowing them for an examination.

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Input and Output

Gates have two or more inputs, apart from a NOT gate that has only one input. All gates contain only one output. Generally the letters A, B, C and so on are employed to label inputs, and Q is employed to label the output.

THE INVERTING CIRCLE (O)

A number of gate symbols contain a circle on their output the meaning of this is that their function involves inverting of the output. It is equal to feeding the output by a NOT gate. For instance the NAND (Not AND) gate symbol that is displayed in the diagram below is the same like an AND gate symbol but along with the addition of an inverting circle on the output.

TRUTH TABLES:

A truth table is a fine method to depict the function of a logic gate. It displays the output states for each possible combination of input states. The symbols 0 (false) and 1 (true) are generally employed in truth tables. The instances truth table below depicts the inputs and output of an AND gate. There are summary of truth tables below depicting the output states for each type of 2-input and 3-input gates. These can be useful if you are trying to select a appropriate gate.

TRUTH TABLES:

INPUT A

INPUT B

OUTPUT Q

0

0

1

1

0

1

0

1

0

0

0

1

LOGICICS:

Logic gates are presented on special ICs (chips) that generally consist of various gates of similar type, for instance the 4001 IC consist of four 2-input NOR gates. There are various families of logic Ics and they can be divide into two groups:

  • 4000 Series
  • 74 Series

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