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  Difference between chemical and nuclear reactions

Difference between chemical and nuclear reactions:

In normal chemical reactions, the nuclei of the atoms contributing in a chemical reaction stay unaffected. Only the electrons in the extra nuclear portion of atoms contribute in the chemical procedure.

Though, during disintegration of atoms (i.e., naturally or artificially), the nuclei of atoms are affected ensuing in the formation of new nuclei. These reactions in which the nuclei of atoms interact with other nuclei or lighter particles or photons resultant in the formation of new nuclei and one or more lighter particles are termed as nuclear reactions.

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The facts below are taken into account while expressing a nuclear reaction:

1) The reactions are written similar to a chemical equation. Reactants are written on the left hand side and outcomes on the right hand side with an arrow in between.

2) Mass number is written as a super script on the symbol of the element. For illustration 7N14 represents for an atom of nitrogen with mass number 14 and atomic number 7.

3) In a chemical reaction the total number of atoms of various elements is balanced on the two sides. Likewise in nuclear reaction, the total mass number and atomic number are balanced on two sides.

4) Symbols utilized for projectiles:

The bombarding particles are termed as projectiles. Such projectiles are symbolized by the symbols shown below:

0n1              - neutron
1H1 or p       - proton
2He4 or α     - α particle
1H2 or 1D2   - deuteron
-1e0 or e      - electron or β-particle
+1e0            - positron

The nucleus to be attacked is termed as target nucleus or parent. The new nuclide is termed as recoil nucleus or daughter. The particle ejected during a nuclear reaction is termed as ejected particle.

 

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