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  Role of F0–F1 ATPase

Role of F0 – F1 ATPase:

ATP synthetase/Fo F1 ATPase, has two main components, Fo and F1 (F for factor). F1 contains 5 polypeptides, along with stoichiometry a3, b3, g, d, e. The F1 component resembles a doorknob protruding in the matrix from the inner membrane. It is connected to Fo through a stalk that is embedded in the inner membrane and extend beyond it. Fo is a complex of integral membrane proteins. While F1 is thoroughly extracted (from inside out vesicles prepared) from the inner mitochondrial membrane, the vesicles still consist of intact respiratory chains. Though, because it no longer consists of the F1 knobs, as confirmed via electron microscopy, they cannot make ATP. While a preparation of isolated F1 is added back to such type of depleted vesicles under suitable conditions, to reconstitute the inner membrane structure, along with F1 knobs, the capacity of the inner membrane vesicles to perform energy coupling among the electron transport and ATP creation is restored. This displays the precise arrangement of these Fo and F1 make the ATP synthetase to create complexes called respiratory assemblies. It is intended that an irregularly shaped “shaft” related to Fo was capable to generate conformational changes as follows:

1. A loose conformation where the active site can bind loosely ADP + Pi
2. A tight conformation where substrates are tightly bound and ATP is created
3. An open conformation which favours ATP release.

When the protons move down the energy gradient, the energy releases is employed through ATP synthetase to produce ATP.

 

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