Assignment:
Q1. Determine whether the arguments are valid by means of Venn diagrams. Ensure the Arguments are in standard form, and where necessary transform those using conversion, obversion, or contraposition operations.
Each answer must include a Venn diagram, and the validity of the argument.
a. All ears of corn with white tassels are unripe, but some ears are ripe even though their kernels are not full-sized. Therefore, some ears with full-sized kernels are not ears with white tassels.
b. Prescription drugs should never be taken without a doctor's order. So no over-
the counter drugs are prescriptive drugs, because all over-the-counter drugs can be taken without a doctor's order.
c. No one who is a Nobel Prize winner is a rock star. A number of astrophysicists are Nobel Prize winners. Therefore, a number of astrophysicists are not rock stars.
d. Only social scientists are political scientists. Many political scientists are person Who favour campaign finance reform . According, many persons who favour campaign finance reform are social scientists.
e. Not every lie is immoral, for no harmless acts are immoral and some lies are harmless.
Q2. Answer the questions based on the following passage. Workings for parts (a), (b), and (c) must be shown and the rules used in the answer to part (c) must be indicated clearly.
The number of business majors increased markedly during the past decade; and if you see that happening, you know that younger people have developed a greater interest in money . Such an interest, unfortunately, means that greed has become a significant motivating force in our society; and if greed has become such a force, charity will have become insignificant. We can predict that charity will not be seen as a significant feature of this past decade.
a. Write the truth functional form of the argument above using appropriate symbols for the claims in the passage.
b. Use the truth-table method (NOT the short truth-table method) to determine if the argument is valid.
c. Using the method of deduction, determine the argument's validity.
Q3. Answer the questions based on the following passage. Workings for parts (a), (b), and (c) must be shown and the rules used in the answer to part (c) must be indicated clearly.
Holmes cannot catch the train unless he gets to Charing Cross Station by noon; and if he misses the train, Watson will be in danger. Because Moriarty has thugs watching the station, Holmes can get there by noon only if he is in disguise. So, unless Holmes goes in disguise, Watson will be in danger.
a. Write the truth functional form of the argument above using appropriate symbols for the claims in the passage.
b. Use the short truth-table method to determine if the argument is valid.
c. Using the method of deduction, determine the argument's validity.
Provide complete and step by step solution for the question and show calculations and use formulas.