Test the null hypothesis in an academic performance

Question

Discussion:

Q: It contains the results of a study on the academic preparation of MBA students and their performance in a Quantitative Analysis Course. A group of 181 students, constituting a random sample, was classified according to their latest academic degree program as well as their final grade in the QA course. The classifications for academic programs were: Arts and Science (A&S), Engineering (ENG), Law, Medicine (MED), and Other. The classifications for the final grades were A, B, and C. The admissions officers at the business college want to explore whether there is a quantifiable relationship between their academic performance in the quantitative analysis area and their focus of prior academic studies. Specifically, they want to test the null hypothesis that academic performance in the course and academic background are independent versus the alternative that these two attributes are dependent. A significance level of 0.05 will be used.

a. Using the p-value, perform the test providing a description of the test statistic, its value, and your conclusion

COLLEGE	Score
Med	B
A&S	B
Other	B
Law	B
Eng	A
Eng	A
A&S	B
Law	C
A&S	B
A&S	B
Med	A
Other	B
A&S	B
A&S	B
Eng	B
Law	B
A&S	C
Med	C
Med	C
Law	B
A&S	C
A&S	B
Med	C
Med	B
A&S	C
A&S	C
Other	B
A&S	B
Eng	A
Other	C
A&S	B
Law	A
Med	A
A&S	B
Law	B
A&S	C
A&S	B
Other	B
A&S	B
Eng	A
A&S	B
Eng	A
Eng	A
Other	B
Law	C
A&S	A
A&S	B
Eng	A
Eng	A
Law	B
Med	B
Law	A
Eng	B
A&S	B
Other	B
Other	C
Law	C
A&S	C
Eng	B
Law	A
Eng	A
A&S	B
Eng	B
A&S	B
Med	B
A&S	C
Eng	A
Eng	B
Law	B
A&S	B
Eng	B
A&S	B
Law	A
A&S	A
Med	A
Med	A
Law	C
A&S	C
Med	C
A&S	C
Other	C
A&S	C
Law	B
A&S	A
Other	C
A&S	A
Other	A
A&S	A
Other	B
A&S	B
A&S	A
Other	C
Other	B
A&S	A
A&S	B
A&S	B
A&S	C
A&S	B
Other	C
A&S	C
Med	B
A&S	B
Other	A
Eng	B
A&S	B
Other	C
A&S	B
A&S	B
Law	B
A&S	C
A&S	A
A&S	B
A&S	B
Eng	A
A&S	C
A&S	A
A&S	B
Med	B
Law	C
A&S	A
A&S	A
Eng	A
Eng	A
A&S	C
A&S	B
Other	C
A&S	A
Other	A
A&S	A
Other	C
Other	C
Med	A
Eng	B
A&S	C
Law	A
Other	C
Med	B
Law	B
Med	C
Law	B
A&S	C
A&S	C
Other	B
A&S	B
A&S	A
Other	B
A&S	C
A&S	C
A&S	B
Eng	A
A&S	B
A&S	B
Other	C
Med	C
Other	C
A&S	B
A&S	B
Med	A
A&S	C
Other	B
A&S	A
Eng	A
A&S	B
Eng	B
Law	A
A&S	B
Eng	A
Other	A
A&S	C
Eng	B
Other	C
Eng	B
A&S	B
A&S	B
Eng	A
Eng	A
Eng	A
Med	B
Med	A
Med	A
Eng	C