Question: A school psychologist is reviewing a student's standardized assessment results. The student scores in the high-average range on a full-scale IQ test, but is performing below grade level in reading and written expression. The psychologist notes that the student has a history of inconsistent school attendance, comes from a low-SES background, and has limited access to academic support at home. Based on contemporary theories of intelligence and the determinants of life outcomes, which interpretation is most consistent with current research? Need Assignment Help?
Question options: a) The student's below-grade performance indicates that the IQ score is likely invalid or inaccurately measured. b) The discrepancy between IQ and achievement is expected, because IQ does not reliably predict any academic outcomes. c) The student's strong general cognitive ability suggests academic potential, but environmental factors such as SES, attendance, and educational opportunities can significantly moderate how that potential is expressed. d) The student's IQ score should be considered the primary explanation for their academic difficulties, since IQ is the strongest predictor of success.