Question: In a regulatory taking case brought by the landowner against the government because the regulation reduces the land's value, the taking of private property will be adjudged by what standard?
(a). The rational relation test stated in the Village of Euclid case.
(b). The strict scrutiny test established in property cases that focus on First Amendment rights
(c). The ad hoc analysis of the factors in the Penn Central case.
(d). Any one of the above, depending on the underlying facts of the case.