Question 1
From low- to- high-latitudes there is a total of __________ pressure belt systems on earth at any given time throughout the year.
a) 5
b) 4
c) 6
d) 7
Question 2
In general, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) ______.
a) Migrates further north and further south over the Pacific Ocean than over the other oceans
b) Migrates both further north and further south over the Indian Ocean than over the other oceans
c) Migrates further north and south equally over all oceans
d) Migrates further north and south over the Atlantic Ocean than over the other oceans
Question 3
In a Hadley cell, sinking air takes place around:
a) the equatorial latitudes
b) the subtropical latitudes
c) the tropical latitudes
d) the mid-latitude latitudes
Question 4
In the Northern Hemisphere, subtropical winds that are flowing north:
a) Are deflected by the Coriolis force towards the NE
b) None of the alternatives given
c) Continue north without deflection
d) Are deflected by the Coriolis force towards the SE
Question 5
Heat is released to the environment when water vapor is converted into droplets. This process is called:
a) Sublimation
b) Evaporation
c) Condensation
d) Evapotranspiration
Question 6
When water freezes, heat is____________.
a) Melted
b) Sublimed
c) Absorbed
d) Released
Question 7
The temperature at which air must be cooled to reach saturation is called:
a) wet bulb temperature
b) condensation point
c) the dew point
d) equilibrium temperature
Question 8
The rate of evaporation depends on:
a) all of the alternatives given
b) wind speed
c) temperature
d) specific humidity of the air
Question 9
Let's imagine that in a panel in figure #1 PGF, Coriolis and Friction forces were actively affecting winds. By default then, we can deduct that these are _______ winds that _________isobars as they ___________ pressure center. This specifically refers to the panel _______.
a) Surface/ cross/ move towards the low/ on the left side
b) Upper Atmospheric/ cross/ move towards the low/ on the left side
c) Upper Atmospheric/ stay parallels to the / move towards the high/ on the left side
d) Surface/ stay parallels to the/ stay at the same distance from the low/ on the left side
Question 10
In all three panels in figure #1, and when in balance, PGF and Coriolis together result in the so-called __________ winds. These are _________ winds that move ______________ as shown in the panel of the _______.
a) Geostrophic/ lower/ clockwise/ counterclockwise/ center
b) Geostrophic/ upper/ counterclockwise/ right
c) Katabatic/ lower/ clockwise/ center
d) Katabatic/ upper/ counterclockwise/ left
Question 11
If in the figure #1 the pressure gradient force (PGF) was the only force affecting winds, winds would move ___________ the pressure center in the _____________ panel.
a) towards/ left
b) away from/ left
c) towards/ right
d) towards/ central
Question 12
Cyclones, or low-pressure systems, in the Southern Hemisphere are_________ systems that have __________ (in, opposite in the N. Hemisphere) flow toward a _________ center.
a) only severe-weather/ clockwise/ low-pressure.
b) any/ counterclockwise/ low pressure/ converging.
c) any/ clockwise/ low-pressure.
d) only severe-weather/ counterclockwise/ low-pressure.
Question 13
The difference in ocean/land fraction between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are ___________, thus the expected pressure gradients patterns at large spatial scales (and resulting winds) should be __________ among both hemispheres.
a) Almost the same/ different
b) Massively different/ different
c) Massively different/ almost the same
d) Almost the same/ almost the same
Question 14
Based upon current scientific research, it appears that high altitude clouds in the mid-latitudes are shifting toward the poles due to the fact that:
a) All of the given alternatives
b) The tropics are expanding towards the poles
c) The Hadley Cell is expanding towards the poles
d) Climate change is behind the expansion of the Hadley Cell
Question 15
In the northern hemisphere, and from mid latitudes (i.e. ~40-50 degrees N and S) to low latitudes (i.e the equator), we can observe hemispheric-scale latitudinal bands, where specific processes dominate. To a great extent, ______ dominates at mid latitudes, _______ dominates at sub-tropical latitudes (~20-30 degrees N and S), and _________ dominates at equatorial latitudes. Relatively similar hemispheric-scale patterns are observed in the southern hemisphere.
a) Evaporation/ Precipitation/ Evaporation
b) Evaporation/ Precipitation/ Precipitation
c) Precipitation/ Evaporation/ Precipitation
d) Evaporation/ Evaporation/ Precipitation
Question 16
If Santa Claus was going to bring Christmas gifts to the kids that live in the Galapagos Island (off the Pacific coast of Ecuador), he would experience the Coriolis effect as he flights from the North Pole to the island. In order to actually hit the island, he would need to make sure his reindeers aim to _______ of the island.
a) north
b) west
c) south
d) east