Explain the Functions of Glucocorticoids
Cortisol, cortisone and hydrocortisone are the names given to the glucocorticoids. What is their function in our body? They play a major role in the body's response to stress. For example, under the influence of cortisol, the blood sugar level is maintained and even raised in the times of stress. In fact, these hormones are responsible for converting glycogen to glucose. They stimulate gluconeogenesis by liver. The blood sugar level may be raised during stress by the process of gluconeogenesis.
Further, these reduce protein stores in essentially all body cells except those of the liver. Catabolism of proteins in the cells release amino acids from the already existing proteins and it hastens the conversion of amino acid to glucose to replenish the glucose supply. Finally, these promote mobilization of fatty acids from the adipose tissues. Infection, trauma, intense heat or cold or any type of stress causes an increase in cortisol level in the blood. Let us now see how the glucocorticoid secretion is regulated.