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define deadlocka process requests resources if the resources are not available at that time the method enters a wait state waiting processes might
define busy waiting and spinlock when a process is in its critical section any other process that tries to enter its critical section must loop
what is semaphores a semaphore s is a synchronization tool which is an integer value that apart from initialization is accessed only by two
define entry section and exit section the critical section problem is to design a protocol that the processes can use to cooperate every process must
what is critical section problem consider a system having of n processes each process has segment of code known as a critical section in which the
define race condition when several process access and manipulate similar data concurrently then the outcome of the implementation depends on
what is turnaround timeturnaround time is the interval from the time of submission to the time of completion of a process it is the sum of the
define throughput throughput in cpu scheduling is the number of processes that are completed per unit time for long processes this rate might be
what is preemptive and nonpreemptive schedulingunder nonpreemptive scheduling once the cpu has been allocated to a process the process keeps the cpu
define cpu schedulingcpu scheduling is the method of switching the cpu among various processes cpu scheduling is the basis of multiprogrammed
what are the different ways in which a thread can be cancelled cancellation of a target thread may occur in two different scenariosasynchronous
define thread cancellation amp target thread the thread cancellation is the task of terminating a thread before it has done a thread that is to
what is the use of fork and exec system calls fork is a system call by which a new process is formed exec is also a system call which is used
what are the kernel threadskernel threads are supported directly by the operating system thread creation scheduling and management are done by the
what are user threads user threads are supported above the kernel and are executed by a thread library at the user level thread creation amp
what is a threada thread otherwise called a lightweight process lwp is a basic unit of cpu utilization it comprises of a thread id a program counter
what is the use of inter process communicationinter process communication gives a mechanism to allow the co-operating process to communicate with
what is co-operative processa process is co-operating if it can affect or be affected by the other processes implementing in the system any process
what is independent processa process is independent it cannot affect or be affected by the other processes implementing in the system any process
what is meant by context switch switching the cpu to another process requires saving the state of the old process and loading the saved state for
what are the use of job queues ready queues and device queuesas a process enters a system they are put in to a job queue these queues having of all
what is schedulers a process migrates between the various scheduling queues throughout its life time the os must select processes from these
what is process control block each process is shown in the os by a process control block it having many pieces of information associated with a
what do you mean by system callssystem calls give the interface among a process and the operating system when a system call is executed it is treated
what are privileged instructions some of the machine instructions that might cause harm to a system are designated as privileged instructions the