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q explain the mechanism of compaction by pavermechanism of compaction by paver steel-wheeled roller and pneumatic tire rollers paver steel-wheeled
q local vehicle parapet strong enough to contain vehiclesmajority of local parapets are 11m high in addition they are designed to resist impact from
q kerb overflow weirs ndash horizontal bars vs vertical barsoverflow weirs must be provided for steep roads longitudinal gradientgt5 flat roads
high temperature in laying bituminous pavement generally bituminous materials are also broadly categorized into two types viz bitumen mcadamsand
high-yield steel vs mild steel as road reinforcement high yield steel is the preferred material for the reinforcement of concrete carriageway due to
q good surface regularity for sub-base in concrete pavementsurfaces of sub-base material for concrete carriageway must be built in a regular manner
q direction of placing the main weight of reinforcement in concrete pavementthe reinforcement of concrete pavement is typically in the form of
q show the application of concrete crash barriersconcrete crash barriers arent considered as the best barrier design due to the following reasons
q diffrence between concrete road and bituminous roadconcrete road belongs to rigid pavement and they dont deflect under traffic loads quite the
q compacted thickness of bituminous pavementthe choice of compacted thickness is closely related to the nominal maximum size of aggregates of
q corner reinforcement for concrete pavementlets consider a panel of concrete slab without any load transferring devices at it edges when concrete
q illustrate bituminous surfacing over concrete structuresusage of bituminous surfacing over concrete structures for instance existing concrete roads
q bitumen emulsions - difference between anionic emulsions and cationic emulsionsbitumen emulsions comprises particles of bitumen dispersed in water
q asphalt mix design - durability vs stabilitythe main aim of asphalt mix design is to achieve a mix with economical blending of aggregates with
q roadworks - filler and binder in bituminous pavementin bituminous materials course aggregates perform the bulking action of mixture and contributes
q which type of pile cap transfers loads equally to piles flexible pile cap orrigid pile cap loads from columns transferring to pile cap persuade
q explain strain compatibility in mini-pilesin designing the axial capacity of mini-piles grout can be taken into account in the contribution of
q illustrate shaft grouting for friction barrettesfor the construction of friction barrettes some grout pipes are designed at periphery of the
q show the stresses during pile drivingstresses during pile driving in pile driving operation proper selection of piling hammers is necessary to
q reasons of using compressed air as drilling fluidfor rotary drilling in ground investigation works drilling fluid is generally used to clear and
q reverse and direct circulation drill drilling in pilingfor reverse circulation drilling and direct circulation drilling major difference in
q principle of airlifting for cleaning pile boresairlifting is generally carried out before concreting to remove debris and clean the base of pile
explain the pdca cyclepdca is a four step problem solving method the following are the description of each step1 p - plan devise your plan identify
q necessity of pile tip cover for rock-socketed h-pilesin current practice concrete cover is generally provided at the pile tips of pre-bored h-piles
q explain the maximum spacing of pilesone of the factors which affect the distribution of loads from the structures to each pile is assumption of