Origin and conduction of heart beat

Origin and conduction of heart beat:

Throughout pumping action of heart, the heart muscles cause rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers in a particular sequence. The rhythmic, sequence functioning of the cardiac chamber is sustained by sino-atrial node (SA node), atrio-ventricular node (AV node), and Purkinje fibres.

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                                                                   Figure: Origin and conduction of heart beat

The SA node located in the upper, lateral wall of the right atrium is a little, flattened strip of muscle fiber which is 1.5cm x 3mm in size. The fibres of the SA node are closely related with the muscles of auricles. SA node is capable of producing action potential which can travel during the auricles.

The velocity of conduction is around 0.3m/sec. The excitation from SA node stimulates the AV node. The AV node in return conducts the stimulus to bundle of His and Purkinje fibres. Such myocardial fibres are found all over the wall of the ventricles. In the conduction of stimulus via the AV node and the fibrous system there is an interruption in transmission.

 

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