Chemical Agents

Chemical Agents:

Antimicrobial chemical agents are numerous and a variety of chemicals inhibits the growth and metalbolism of the organism or kills them. Some of these agents are employed as antiseptics and some others are employed as disinfectants.

Antiseptic agent is a substance which prevents growth or activity of microbes either by demolishes them or by inhibiting the growth and metabolism (i.e., Antisepsis X sepsis). The term is employed for substances which are applied on body such as ethyl alcohol, tincture iodine, spirit, and hexylresorcinols.

Disinfectants are chemicals which kill the growing forms of pathogens though do not kill resistant spore forms. Disinfection demolishes infectious agents. Such chemicals are applied on inanimate objects such as floor and work benches. Phenols, hypochlorites, mercuric chloride, chloramines and so on are disinfectants. In certain conditions like phenol and hypochlorites a low concentration is employed to disinfect the wounds on living organisms and a higher concentration to disinfect inanimate surfaces. The previous is like antiseptic agent whereas the later is a proper disinfectant.

Depending upon the kind of usage and their efficiency against various microorganisms the chemicals which control microorganisms are also designated as Santizer, Bactericide, Germicide (i.e., Microbicide), Bacteriostatic and so on. Sanitizing agent (i.e., Sanitizer) decreases the microbial population to safe levels as per the public health standard. These are mostly utilized in daily care utensils, in dairies and in food industries. Germicide is an agent which kills the growing forms and not the resistant spore forms of germs. Bactericide is an agent which kills bacteria (i.e., Bactericidal agent). Fungicides kill fungi. Virucide, sporicide are agents which kill viruses and spores correspondingly. An agent which prevents the growth of bacteria (i.e., without killing) is termed as Bacteriostatic. Fungi static agent stops the growth of fungi.

 

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