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  Isolation of Fluorine

Isolation of Fluorine:

Symbol - F         Atomic number -9            Period Number: 2
Valency –1         Atomic mass–19              Group Number: 17

Fluorine does not arise free in nature. It takes place in the combined form.

Dennis’ Method:

This was introduced by Dennis, Veeder and Rochow in the year 1931. In this, fluorine is made by the electrolysis of fused sodium or potassium hydrogen fluoride (i.e., perfectly dry) Electrolysis is taken out between graphite electrodes within a V-shaped electrically heated copper tube. The ends of the tube are enclosed with copper caps in which the graphite electrodes are fixed by bakelite cement.  The copper tube is thickly lagged to avoid loss of heat.

KHF2 → KF + HF
HF → H+ + F¯
2H+ + 2e– → H2 (At cathode)
2F – – 2e– → F2 (At anode)

1350_preparation of flourine.jpg


                                                         Figure: Preparation of fluorine

Fluorine released at the anode is passed via U-tube having sodium fluoride. This eliminates the hydrogen fluoride vapors coming with fluorine.

NaF +HF → NaHF2

 

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