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  Generation of Computers

Introduction to Generation of Computers

You are familiar that the evolution of computer is begin from 16th century and resulted in the type that we see nowadays. The current day computer though has also goes through rapid change throughout the last fifty years. This period, throughout that the evolution of computer took place can be separated into five different phases termed as Generations of Computers. Every phase is differentiated from others on the basis of the kind of switching circuits employed.

1. FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS

First generation computers are employed Thermion valves. First generation computers were huge in size and writing programs on them was complicated.

2. SECOND GENERATION COMPUTERS

Approximately 1955 a device called Transistor replaced the huge electric tubes in the first generation computer. Transistors are smaller than electric tubes of the first generation and comprise higher operating speed. They comprise no filament and need no heating. Manufacturing cost was as well extremely low. So the size of the computer got decreased significantly.

3. THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS

The third generation computers were come into existence in the year 1964. They employed Integrated Circuits (ICs) in it. These (Integrated Circuits) ICs are generally known as Chips. A single IC (Integrated Circuit) has several transistors, registers and capacitors that developed a single thin slice of silicon.

4. FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS

The current day computers which you see today are the fourth generation computers which begin around the year 1975. The fourth generation computers uses large scale Integrated Circuits (LSIC) developed a single silicon chip called microprocessors.

5. FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTER

The computers of 1990s are known as Fifth Generation computers. The speed is very high in this generation. Despite this it can carry out parallel processing. The idea of Artificial intelligence has been introduced to permit the computer to obtain its own decision. AI (artificial intelligence) is still in a developmental stage.

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