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  Applying Insulating Varnish

Applying Insulating Varnish on electrical coils and windings

Coils are built up of insulated wires, the covering contains cotton, silk / enamel, etc. That are hygroscopic, that is they tend to absorb and keep moisture. The insulation given between layers also the space among turns in the interior of the coil consists of substantial amount of air spaces. If the coils are not covered through any insulating varnish, moisture is apt to accumulate in these air spaces. Not only will it lower the insulation strength, but might finally lead to a fail and internal short-circuit. Through covering the coils along with a good insulating varnish, the air spaces are filled up and sealed; the windings get protected against ingress of moisture and thus they will provide much better service. This procedure of coating electrical windings along with insulating varnish is termed as 'impregnation'. The right method of doing this is explained below:

a) Before than the any insulating varnish is applied, it is absolutely essential to make sure that the surfaces of all coils, armatures etc. are clean perfectly and free of all dust, oily matter and moisture.

b) Apply varnish with a brush, by using air drying varnish. This is a rapid method of protecting the surface of coils throughout periodical overhauls, if they comprise already been properly impregnated earlier. The varnish is then permitted to dry up.

c) Hot dip: This is fairly appropriate for small coils and windings. The winding is heated up to a temperature of 800 to 1000C in an electrically heated chamber for one to two hours. The hot winding is after that totally immersed in insulating varnish (baking type) and maintained immersed for one to two hours, until all air bubbles cease. The coil is after that removed and after draining out all surplus varnish, the coil is once more time put back in the heating chamber and kept there at a temperature of 1000 to 1100C for at least four hours, through which time the varnish will acquire totally baked and hard set.

d) For finest results, and as well for large windings and armatures, transformer coils, etc. vacuum impregnation should be employed.

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