Natural Killer Cells

Natural Killer Cells:

Among the immune cells, natural killer cells that are abbreviated as NK cells are the most aggressive. They are first line of defense in opposition to the infected and cancerous cells. They are lymphocytes (Large granular lymphocytes, LGL) along with no immunological memory and are part of the innate immune system. It joins to the target and releases a lethal burst of chemicals termed as perforins which penetrate the cell wall. Fluids start to leak in and out and finally the cell explodes.

Interferon:

Interferons are proteins generated through body cells while they are invaded by viruses, is released into the bloodstream/ intercellular fluid, in order to persuade healthy cells to manufacture an enzyme which block viral replication.

Major Histocompatibility complex:
A set of cell surface glycoproteins are termed as the Major Histocompatibility Complex or abbreviated as MHC molecules. Usually, they take part in distinguishing self and non self antigens and the representation of processed foreign antigen to activate the T cells. There are two classes of Major Histocompatibility proteins (MHC proteins. That is:

1. MHC class I and
2. MHC class II.

The first class MHC class I molecule is expressed on the cell surface of all nucleated cells of the body. MHC class I molecules along with processed antigen are expressed on the surface of the infected cells that represent the processed antigen to cytotoxic T cells (CD8). MHC class II molecule are expressed on APC cell surface which present the processed antigen to Helper T cells (CD4 cells).

 

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